GI is a hot topic in the world of
nutrition. But, what is GI all about?
Great ideas? Good intentions? In this case, GI stands for Glycemic
Impact
While most of us will have heard of, and might even have tried, low
carb plans, low GI is another way to control carbohydrate intake while
still including carbohydrate foods in our diet.
The sugars in low GI foods are
released more slowly into the
bloodstream, causing blood glucose levels to rise and then fall more
slowly than the foods that have a higher GI number. If we choose to eat
more foods with a low GI, they will be absorbed more slowly and can
help even out blood glucose levels.
High GI foods release their blood
sugars more quickly, causing a “sugar
rush.” You’re probably familiar with that high you get after eating a
sugary snack -- that’s the simple sugars hitting your bloodstream all
of a sudden! This sugar hit causes insulin to be released, and
insulin’s role is to store the sugar away. This change from high blood
sugar levels to low makes us crave sugary foods all over again.
Replace high GI carbohydrates like
baked or mashed potatoes with pasta, barley, sweet potato or bulgur
wheat.
Of
course, calories still count, but, if you are eating a low GI diet, you
are going to feel fuller for longer. The control of blood sugars will
help you avoid cravings, and you will have more control over your
eating.
Getting to know GI
Glucose and white bread are set as the standards, and they have a GI of
100. All other foods are then measured against this.
Low GI has a rating of 55 or less
Medium GI has a rating of 56-69
High GI has a rating of 70 or more
Some Low GI Foods
Apples, cherries, grapefruit, grapes, pears, plums, oranges,
strawberries, peaches.
Green vegetables such as broccoli
and cabbage, mushrooms, onions, peppers and lettuce.
Pulses such as lentils, chickpeas
and beans.
Sweet potato, rye bread, vermicelli
and linguine pasta, noodles, brown basmati rice, barley.
All Bran, Muesli.
Crisps, plain, milk and white
chocolate.
Low fat yogurt, milk, custard.
Some Medium GI Foods
Sultanas and raisins, pineapple, cantaloupe melon.
Beetroot, sweetcorn.
Grape nuts, porridge, puffed wheat.
Boiled new potatoes, white basmati
rice, brown rice, pita bread, crumpet, Ryvita, wholewheat bread,
couscous.
Honey & jam, digestive and rich
tea biscuits.
Some High GI Foods
Dates, watermelon.
Parsnips, swede and cooked carrots,
broad beans, pumpkin.
White bread, baguette, bagel.
Cornflakes, Rice Krispies, Shredded
wheat, Weetabix.
Popcorn, wafer biscuits, jelly
beans, sports drinks.
Answers To Your Questions!
I love my bread, cornflakes and
potato. How can I live without them?
Well, of course, you can eat these
foods, but don’t eat them at every
meal and every day. Choose boiled new potatoes, brown rice and pasta,
which has a low or moderate GI number, more often. These lower GI foods
will be digested more slowly and satisfy you for longer and therefore
delay the hunger pangs for longer.
So, should I stop eating so many
bananas?
No! Bananas and the other fruits
have a moderate GI number, but they
still have a high nutritional value, and so we should continue to eat
them. We would again say don’t eat them every day, and choose fruits
with a lower GI number more often.
What about the vegetables with a
high GI?
Same story! These vegetables pack a
strong nutritional punch, providing
fiber, vitamins and minerals. Once again, we would say don’t eat them
every day. And, of course, do choose lots more of those with a low or
moderate GI number.
What is the GI value for meat,
chicken and fish?
Well, these foods do not contain
carbohydrate, so the GI cannot be
tested. These protein foods will not have an effect on your blood
glucose levels and so lean meats, fish and poultry will be included in
your meals.
Should I only eat foods with a
low GI number?
No. Ideally, choosing the foods with
a low GI number is best, but you
don’t have to choose only these at every meal. That is because the
effect of the low GI food at one meal will actually carry over to the
next meal and reduce the overall GI for the day.
What else can affect the GI of
foods?
When you look at the listing of low,
moderate and high GI foods, you
might be surprised at the category some foods fall into. This is
because that rating will be affected by a number of other factors.
All of these factors will affect
the overall rate of the GI